Drama
This week: Five Ways to Pace Your Story Edited by: Lonewolf More Newsletters By This Editor
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Pacing is a crucial component of fictional writing. After all, it's important to keep your readers "hooked" throughout your story. Whether you are just getting started in writing or looking to break into fiction writing, you'll need to know the basics of how to pace a story. |
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What is Pacing in Fiction?
Pacing is a tool that controls the speed and rhythm at which a story is told and the readers are pulled through the events. It refers to how fast or slow events in a piece unfold and how much time elapses in a scene or story. Pacing can also be used to show characters aging and the effects of time on story events.
Pacing differs with the specific needs of a story. A far-reaching epic will often be told at a leisurely pace, though it will speed up from time to time during the most intense events. A short or adventure story might quickly jump into action and deliver drama.
Pacing is part structural choices and part word choices, and uses a variety of devices to control how fast the story unfolds. When driving a manual transmission car, you choose the most effective gear needed for driving uphill, maneuvering city streets, or cruising down a freeway. Similarly, when pacing your story, you need to choose the devices that move each scene along at the right speed.
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As you write your story, you'll find conflict is a key tool in developing the readers' interest; conflict goes hand-in-hand with the pace of your scenes. Understanding how to pace your story is one of the most important tasks an author has to learn. Without this skill, we end up writing stories that lack momentum, feel uneven, become anti-climactic, and seem melodramatic. The following are five tips that I find to be useful for taking this important plot skill beyond instinct to conscious action:
1. Length controls momentum
Short scenes,chapters, sentences, and choppy dialogue all contribute to a feeling of intensity and speed. However, long scenes, chapters, sentences, and extended dialogue ground the story with a sense of place and time. Your sentences should be meaningful, of course, but quick lines make for faster reading which, in turn, increases the tempo. This is probably the easiest way to control your pacing, simply because it's so obvious. As your story nears the tense scenes, make it a point to condense everything. Limit the length of your scenes to 500-800 words, cut your scenes short at important moments, and switch back and forth between Points of view.
2.Vary Pacing
As important as the high-tension scenes are, it's even more important to vary your pacing with slow, introspective scenes. Without the slow scenes you'll give neither your characters nor your readers a chance to catch their breaths. Even the most exciting of scenes loses its intensity if it's never balanced with moments of deliberate quiet.
3. Sentence Fragments
One secret often missed is working with sentence fragments, which work well to increase the pace of your writing. Of course, fragments are frowned upon in the writing world, yet the judicious use of them can be quite effective. In those nail-biting scenes that hinge upon the conflict in your story, well-used and well-positioned fragments can increase the excitement, and thus, the pace of the conflict. "Always," "Every time," and "Like this." are great if used at the right moment. Use discretion here because if you're not careful when writing in sentence fragments you can lose control.
4. Pay Attention to Details to Build Momentum
One of the best ways writers can put scenes into slow motion is to indicate a tremendously dramatic scene by slowing the writing way down. Pile on the details. Let's say one of your characters is shot. This is an important moment in the story, and you want the readers to feel its impact. You can do this by taking your time and describing every detail: the look on the gunman's face as he fires, the recoil of the pistol, the flash of the barrel, the horror that chokes the victim, and finally the collision of the bullet.
5. Control Your Tell vs. Show Ratio
Although "showing" your audience the details, the blow-by-blow account of your characters' actions, is key to engaging them and making them feel the tension, sometimes the best way to hurtle them through a scene is to condense certain actions into "telling." Perhaps you want to use that same scene in which your character is shot, but you don't want to linger on it. You want to do a quick flyby, shock your readers, and plunge them into the action after the gunshot. Instead of taking the time to show the details, you can thrust the gunshot upon the reader simply by telling him what happened.
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