My 9th grade project

Project: Cell Plates

Flight Deck = Nucleus
The flight deck represents the shuttles controls

Oxygen synthesizer = Nucleolus
The oxygen synthesizer is where the oxygen assembly takes place

Rudder = Golgi complex
The shuttles rudder controls the movement (transport) of the shuttle

Main engines = Ribosomes
Represents fuel assembly of the shuttle much like proteins are assembled

Food supply = Lysosomes
Food supply for shuttle that is broken down for intake by astronauts

Internal wiring = Endoplasmic reticulum
Internal system in shuttle where fuel conversion to electronic medium takes place

Cargo bay = Vacuole
Storage for various materials and supplies

Heat resistant tiles = Cell membrane
Barrier around the shuttle regulating heat transfer

Control panel = Chromosomes
Contains computer programs that are programmed into the shuttle

Fuel tanks = Mitchondria
Part of the power house of the shuttle taking part of the fuel conversion



I
Safety
A. symbols
a. Safety goggles- always wear safety goggles in flame or sharp object labs
b. Lab apron –wear a lab apron
c. Breakage-handle breakable materials carefully
d. Hear resistant gloves – use an over mitt when handling hot materials
e. Plastic gloves- wear disposable plastic gloves to protect yourself
f. Heating- use clamp to hold hot objects
g. Sharp object- scissors, scalpels, pins, and knives
h. Electric shock- avoid possibility of electric shock don’t use electricity near water
i. Corrosive chemical- corrosive chemicals present avoid contact
j. Poison- do not let poison on your skin or inhale vapors.
k. Physical safety- this activity involves physical activity use caution
l. Animal safety- treat live animals with care to avoid injury wash hands afterwards
m. Plant safety- Avoid touching poisonous or plants with thorns
n. Flames- tie back loose hair and clothing follow teachers instructions in lighting and extinguishing
o. No flames- Flammable sources present. Keep heat sources and open flame contained
p. Disposal- chemicals and other materials need to be disposed properly
q. Hand washing- wash your hands with soap after your experiment is complete
r. General safety awareness- You might see this when there are no other safety hazards or when you are designing a experiment, if that is the case ask your teacher to approve the plan
Scientific method
A. ask a question
B. hypothesis
C. experiment
D. recording results
E. drawing conclusions
Char of life
A. Spontaneous generation- Life can come from nonliving objects(disproved)
B. Biogenesis- life must come from other living organisms. Proved by Pasteur
a. Living things are made up of cells
b. Living things reproduce
c. Living things are based on a universal genetic code
d. Living things grow and develop
e. Living things grow and obtain energy
f. Living respond to their environment
g. Living things maintain a stable internal environment
h. Taken as a group, living things change over time.
C. levels of organization
a. Biosphere
b. Ecosystem
c. Community
d. Population
e. Organism
f. Group of cells
g. Cells
h. Molecules
II
Atoms
A. Chemical bonding- when atoms bond to form new substances.
B. Parts
a. Neutron-neutral charge
b. Electron- positive charge
c. Proton-positive charge
Carbohydrates, starches and macromolecules
III
Cells- plant cells have a cell wall and animal cells don’t.
Osmosis- when liquid transfers in the cell
Diffusion- when something goes from a high concentrated area to a low concentrated area
Facilitation- when something is forced against the tide
Bulk- how big something is
IV
Photosynthesis-plant breathing =)
A. CO2+H20-C6H12O6+O2
Cell respiration- O2 + C6H12O6-CO2+H2O
V
Ecology-
Water cycle- condensation, vaporization, precipitation
Carbon cycle- plants fix carbon, animals eat plants, animals die and decay + lay waste
VI
Cell Division-
Mitosis – interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telephase cytokenesis
meiosis – same as above except it happens 2ce
VII
DNA: Double helix , splits down the middle and divides the replicates with the help of RNA
RNA: splits DNA down the middle helps produce new DNA
Mutations- when DNA messes up Ex: trisomy 13
VIII
Genetics
Gregor Mendel - Father of genetics. First thought of the way we inherited our traits.
Punnet squares
Pedigrees- made to track a trait and to see if will appear in offspring(possibly)
Kayrotype- set of photographs of chromosomes
IX__________________________________________________________________________________
Evolution
Darwin- believed that we inherited out traits not in out life time. Born strongest survive
Lamarck – believed that we acquired traits in a lifetime and that organs we didn’t use became dormant
Origin of Earth- all animals can be traced back to a common ancestor (unproven)
Origin of humans- came from primates